In a concerning trend for public health, new data reveals that genital herpes diagnoses in England surged by 3% in 2025, reaching nearly 29,000 cases. This rise defies a notable overall decline of 8% in sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which fell from approximately 364,000 to 334,000, according to statistics released by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA).
The Rising Tide of Genital Herpes
Health officials are sounding the alarm as genital herpes, a highly transmissible virus spread through skin-to-skin contact, serves as a stark reminder of the persistent challenges posed by STIs. The increase in cases underscores the pressing need for accurate testing and widespread awareness, particularly among young people—currently the demographic most affected by STIs.
"These infections can cause serious harm," cautioned Dr. Hamish Mohammed, a consultant epidemiologist at the UKHSA. He emphasized the vital importance of getting tested following sexual encounters with new or casual partners, even in the absence of visible symptoms. This sentiment is echoed by alarming statistics that highlight a 9% drop in chlamydia testing in 2025, raising concerns about untreated infections which can lead to complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.
Diverse Trends Among Different Groups
While the overall decline in STIs is noteworthy, the statistics reveal a mixed landscape. For instance, syphilis diagnoses among gay and bisexual men saw a dramatic 19% drop, reaching their lowest levels since 2016. Conversely, cases among heterosexual women climbed by 5%. Chlamydia remains the most prevalent STI, accounting for nearly half of all diagnoses in England, followed by gonorrhea and genital herpes .
Understanding Transmission and Prevention
Genital herpes can be transmitted through various means, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex, regardless of whether symptoms are present. It can also spread via contact between an infected cold sore and the genitals. The NHS clarifies that genital herpes is not contracted through shared towels, swimming pools, or toilet seats, which lack direct skin-to-skin contact.
To mitigate the risk of transmission, health experts recommend the consistent use of condoms and encourage individuals to avoid sexual activity if either partner shows signs of an outbreak, such as blisters or tingling sensations.
Accessing Sexual Health Services
Symptoms of STIs can include unusual discharge, pain during urination, and sores around the genitals or anus. The good news is that STI testing remains accessible—free and confidential tests can be arranged through local sexual health clinics, university health centers, or by discreetly ordering self-sampling kits through the mail.
As public health leaders navigate these complex and evolving challenges, heightened awareness and routine testing are crucial in combatting the resurgence of genital herpes, ensuring the well-being of communities across England.
Source: BBC News - Health
